Somalia

Country Overview

Somalia faces a protracted humanitarian crisis driven by conflict, recurrent climate shocks, and disease outbreaks. The failure of successive rainy seasons significantly reduced access to water, food, and livelihood opportunities, and prompted a national drought emergency declaration in November 2025. Meanwhile, sustained high levels of conflict across Somalia throughout 2025 continued to drive displacement and constrain humanitarian access, compounding vulnerabilities and limiting service delivery. These overlapping shocks eroded household coping capacity and increased vulnerability among newly displaced and affected populations.

IMPACT began working in Somalia in 2012 through its initiative REACH to inform emergency prioritization through technical support and evidence generation. In 2026, REACH continues to provide analysis and multisectoral data at the national and sub-national level (with an emphasis on Area Based Coordination) and runs the Multi Sectoral Needs Assessment.

(Picture: UNHCR / Feisal Omar)

JOIN OUR MAILING LIST

Research Highlights

Humanitarian Situation Monitoring:
Key Findings From Hard-to-Reach Areas
January 2026

Displacement from hard-to-reach settlements is being driven primarily by
climate-related shocks. In 88% of assessed settlements, key informants
(KIs) reported that households had moved elsewhere in the 30 days
preceding data collection;
Food insecurity appears severe in hard-to-reach districts. In 75% of assessed settlements, KIs reported that a large proportion of households lacked sufficient food;
Access to healthcare is significantly constrained in hard-to-reach districts. In 68% of assessed locations, residents must travel outside their settlement to access healthcare services.

Read full analysis

Multi-Sectoral Needs Assessment (MSNA): IDPs and Affected Communities
October 2025

Throughout 2025, Somalia continued to face significant levels of displacement and restricted humanitarian access, which constrained the delivery of essential services and weakened the coping capacity of displaced households. Many households reported inadequate access to food and safe drinking water, while prolonged drought conditions and ongoing conflict continued to intensify humanitarian vulnerabilities.

Read full analysis

Related News

Country news / 9 January 2026

Somalia I Pilot of the Global Area-Based Assessment Toolkit to Inform Durable Solutions Planning

Somalia is facing a prolonged displacement crisis, driven by recurring conflict, climate shocks, and persistent gaps in essential services, land security, and sustainable livelihoods. In Baidoa, the capital of the...

Country news / 20 August 2024

Somalia | Climate Crisis: From Drought to Devastating Floods

Somalia is grappling with extreme climate conditions that have severely impacted communities across the country. IMPACT’s latest report via its initiative REACH, provides an in-depth look at how these climate...

Country news / 25 June 2024

Somalia | Addressing the Public Health Crisis in Galkacyo: A Critical Overview

The latest Integrated Public Health Rapid Assessment (IPHRA) report by IMPACT Initiatives highlights the severe public health challenges faced by internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Galkacyo, Somalia. This overview underscores...